Carbone (C): Bohr Model, Protons, Neutrons & Electrons
Carbone is element number 6, a nonmetal in group 14, period 2. Its atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons arranged in 2 shells: 2, 4.
Protons, neutrons and electrons in carbon
Le atomic number of carbon is 6, so every carbon atom has 6 protons. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons, 6. The number of neutrons depends on the isotope: neutrons = mass number − atomic number. For carbon-12, that is 12 − 6 = 6 neutrons. Carbon has 2 stable isotopes, with 6, 7 neutrons.
How to draw the Bohr model of carbon
- Draw the nucleus and write 6 p⁺ et 6 n⁰ inside it.
- Draw the first shell and put 2 electrons on it (the first shell holds at most 2).
- Draw the second shell and put 4 electrons on it.
- Check: 2 + 4 = 6 electrons, the same as the number of protons.
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of carbon is [He] 2s² 2p². Its 4 outer electrons decide how it reacts: it usually shares electrons in covalent bonds.
Key facts about carbon
| Symbol | C |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 6 |
| Relative atomic mass | 12.011 |
| Group · period · block | group 14 · period 2 · p-block |
| Type | Non-métal |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| Couches électroniques | 2, 4 |
| Electron configuration | [He] 2s² 2p² |
| Électrons de valence | 4 |
| Common ion | — |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.55 |
| First ionisation energy | 11.26 eV (1086 kJ/mol) |
| Atomic radius (empirical) | 70 pm |
Où carbon sits on the periodic table
Foire aux questions
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does carbon have?
Carbon has 6 protons and 6 electrons (atomic number 6). Its most common isotope, carbon-12, has 12 − 6 = 6 neutrons.
What is the electron configuration of carbon?
[He] 2s² 2p². In shells that is 2, 4.
How many valence electrons does carbon have?
4. Carbon is in group 14, and its outer shell holds 4 electrons.
Where is carbon on the periodic table?
In group 14, period 2, in the p-block. It is a nonmetal.
