Pauling Electronegativity Difference Calculator
⚛ Atomic & Quantum. Use the Pauling electronegativity difference formula to find electronegativity difference, extra bond energy δ: pick the value you want, type the others, and the answer updates as you go.
Δ = extra bond energy (kJ/mol) beyond the average of the two pure bonds.
Pick the ○ next to the value you want to find, fill in the others, and it solves as you type.
What each letter means
| Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|
| Electronegativity difference | no unit |
| Extra bond energy Δ | kJ/mol |
Worked example
Find the electronegativity difference when Extra bond energy Δ = 88.6 kJ/mol.
Using | - | = 0.102√(Δ): Electronegativity difference = 0.9601.
Frequently asked questions
What is the formula for Pauling electronegativity difference?
| - | = 0.102√(Δ). Δ = extra bond energy (kJ/mol) beyond the average of the two pure bonds.
What do the letters stand for, and what units are used?
Electronegativity difference, Extra bond energy Δ in kJ/mol.
How do you calculate electronegativity difference?
Put the values into | - | = 0.102√(Δ). For example, with Extra bond energy Δ = 88.6 kJ/mol, electronegativity difference = 0.9601.
Can I solve for a different value?
Yes. In the calculator above, pick the circle next to any value (electronegativity difference, extra bond energy δ) and fill in the others: it rearranges the formula for you.
