Titanium (Ti): Bohr Model, Protons, Neutrons & Electrons
Titanium is element number 22, a transition metal in group 4, period 4. Its atom has 22 protons, 26 neutrons and 22 electrons arranged in 4 shells: 2, 8, 10, 2.
Protons, neutrons and electrons in titanium
The atomic number of titanium is 22, so every titanium atom has 22 protons. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons, 22. The number of neutrons depends on the isotope: neutrons = mass number − atomic number. For titanium-48, that is 48 − 22 = 26 neutrons. Titanium has 5 stable isotopes, with 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 neutrons.
How to draw the Bohr model of titanium
- Draw the nucleus and write 22 p⁺ and 26 n⁰ inside it.
- Draw the first shell and put 2 electrons on it (the first shell holds at most 2).
- Draw the second shell and put 8 electrons on it.
- Draw the third shell and put 10 electrons on it.
- Draw the fourth shell and put 2 electrons on it.
- Check: 2 + 8 + 10 + 2 = 22 electrons, the same as the number of protons.
From potassium onwards the shells don’t simply fill as 2, 8, 8: the fourth shell starts before the third is full, so the real arrangement above (2, 8, 10, 2) is the one to draw.
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of titanium is [Ar] 4s² 3d². As a transition metal it fills an inner d-subshell, and its common ion is Ti⁴⁺.
Key facts about titanium
| Symbol | Ti |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 22 |
| Relative atomic mass | 47.867 |
| Group · period · block | group 4 · period 4 · d-block |
| Type | Transition Metal |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| Electron shells | 2, 8, 10, 2 |
| Electron configuration | [Ar] 4s² 3d² |
| Valence electrons | varies (outer shell: 2) |
| Common ion | Ti⁴⁺ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.54 |
| First ionisation energy | 6.83 eV (659 kJ/mol) |
| Atomic radius (empirical) | 140 pm |
Where titanium sits on the periodic table
Frequently asked questions
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does titanium have?
Titanium has 22 protons and 22 electrons (atomic number 22). Its most common isotope, titanium-48, has 48 − 22 = 26 neutrons.
What is the electron configuration of titanium?
[Ar] 4s² 3d². In shells that is 2, 8, 10, 2.
How many valence electrons does titanium have?
Titanium is a transition metal, so its valence electrons are spread over two shells; its outermost shell holds 2.
Where is titanium on the periodic table?
In group 4, period 4, in the d-block. It is a transition metal.
