بيسموث (Bi): Bohr Model, Protons, Neutrons & Electrons
بيسموث is element number 83, a post-transition metal in group 15, period 6. Its atom has 83 protons, 126 neutrons and 83 electrons arranged in 6 shells: 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5.
Protons, neutrons and electrons in bismuth
ال atomic number of bismuth is 83, so every bismuth atom has 83 protons. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons, 83. The number of neutrons depends on the isotope: neutrons = mass number − atomic number. For bismuth-209, that is 209 − 83 = 126 neutrons.
How to draw the Bohr model of bismuth
- Draw the nucleus and write 83 p⁺ تم تصميم [الخدمة] لمتعلمين من جميع الأعمار، بما في ذلك طلاب المدارس. 126 n⁰ inside it.
- Draw the first shell and put 2 electrons on it (the first shell holds at most 2).
- Draw the second shell and put 8 electrons on it.
- Draw the third shell and put 18 electrons on it.
- Draw the fourth shell and put 32 electrons on it.
- Draw the fifth shell and put 18 electrons on it.
- Draw the sixth shell and put 5 electrons on it.
- Check: 2 + 8 + 18 + 32 + 18 + 5 = 83 electrons, the same as the number of protons.
From potassium onwards the shells don’t simply fill as 2, 8, 8: the fourth shell starts before the third is full, so the real arrangement above (2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5) is the one to draw.
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of bismuth is [Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p³. Its 5 outer electrons decide how it reacts: it tends to lose them, forming Bi³⁺ ions.
Key facts about bismuth
| Symbol | Bi |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 83 |
| Relative atomic mass | 208.98 |
| Group · period · block | group 15 · period 6 · p-block |
| نوع | Post-transition Metal |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| أغلفة الإلكترون | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 |
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p³ |
| Valence electrons | 5 |
| Common ion | Bi³⁺ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 2.02 |
| First ionisation energy | 7.29 eV (703 kJ/mol) |
| Atomic radius (empirical) | 160 pm |
Where bismuth sits on the periodic table
الأسئلة الشائعة
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does bismuth have?
Bismuth has 83 protons and 83 electrons (atomic number 83). Its most common isotope, bismuth-209, has 209 − 83 = 126 neutrons.
What is the electron configuration of bismuth?
[Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6p³. In shells that is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5.
How many valence electrons does bismuth have?
5. Bismuth is in group 15, and its outer shell holds 5 electrons.
Where is bismuth on the periodic table?
In group 15, period 6, in the p-block. It is a post-transition metal.
