نيوديميوم (Nd): Bohr Model, Protons, Neutrons & Electrons
نيوديميوم is element number 60, a lanthanide in the f-block (the lanthanide row drawn below the table), period 6. Its atom has 60 protons, 82 neutrons and 60 electrons arranged in 6 shells: 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2.
Protons, neutrons and electrons in neodymium
ال atomic number of neodymium is 60, so every neodymium atom has 60 protons. A neutral atom has the same number of electrons, 60. The number of neutrons depends on the isotope: neutrons = mass number − atomic number. For neodymium-142, that is 142 − 60 = 82 neutrons. Neodymium has 7 stable isotopes, with 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 90 neutrons.
How to draw the Bohr model of neodymium
- Draw the nucleus and write 60 p⁺ تم تصميم [الخدمة] لمتعلمين من جميع الأعمار، بما في ذلك طلاب المدارس. 82 n⁰ inside it.
- Draw the first shell and put 2 electrons on it (the first shell holds at most 2).
- Draw the second shell and put 8 electrons on it.
- Draw the third shell and put 18 electrons on it.
- Draw the fourth shell and put 22 electrons on it.
- Draw the fifth shell and put 8 electrons on it.
- Draw the sixth shell and put 2 electrons on it.
- Check: 2 + 8 + 18 + 22 + 8 + 2 = 60 electrons, the same as the number of protons.
From potassium onwards the shells don’t simply fill as 2, 8, 8: the fourth shell starts before the third is full, so the real arrangement above (2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2) is the one to draw.
Electron configuration
The electron configuration of neodymium is [Xe] 6s² 4f⁴. As a lanthanide it fills an inner f-subshell, and its common ion is Nd³⁺.
Key facts about neodymium
| Symbol | Nd |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 60 |
| Relative atomic mass | 144.24 |
| Group · period · block | f-block · period 6 |
| نوع | لانثانيد |
| State at 25 °C | solid |
| أغلفة الإلكترون | 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2 |
| Electron configuration | [Xe] 6s² 4f⁴ |
| Valence electrons | varies (outer shell: 2) |
| Common ion | Nd³⁺ |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | 1.14 |
| First ionisation energy | 5.53 eV (534 kJ/mol) |
| Atomic radius (empirical) | 185 pm |
Where neodymium sits on the periodic table
الأسئلة الشائعة
How many protons, neutrons and electrons does neodymium have?
Neodymium has 60 protons and 60 electrons (atomic number 60). Its most common isotope, neodymium-142, has 142 − 60 = 82 neutrons.
What is the electron configuration of neodymium?
[Xe] 6s² 4f⁴. In shells that is 2, 8, 18, 22, 8, 2.
How many valence electrons does neodymium have?
Neodymium is a lanthanide, so its valence electrons are spread over two shells; its outermost shell holds 2.
Where is neodymium on the periodic table?
In the f-block (the lanthanide row drawn below the table), period 6, in the f-block. It is a lanthanide.
