Newton’s Law of Gravitation Calculator
🪐 Gravity & circular motion. Use the Newton’s law of gravitation formula to find force, mass 1, mass 2, distance between centres: pick the value you want, type the others, and the answer updates as you go.
G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg². Default: Earth and the Moon.
Pick the ○ next to the value you want to find, fill in the others, and it solves as you type.
What each letter means
| Quantity | Unit |
|---|---|
| Force | N |
| Mass 1 | kg |
| Mass 2 | kg |
| Distance between centres | m |
Worked example
Find the force when Mass 1 = 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg, Mass 2 = 7.35 × 10²² kg, Distance between centres = 3.84 × 10⁸ m.
Using F = (G m1 m2)/r²: Force = 1.986 × 10²⁰ N.
Frequently asked questions
What is the formula for Newton’s law of gravitation?
F = (G m1 m2)/r². G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg². Default: Earth and the Moon.
What do the letters stand for, and what units are used?
Force in N, Mass 1 in kg, Mass 2 in kg, Distance between centres in m.
How do you calculate force?
Put the values into F = (G m1 m2)/r². For example, with Mass 1 = 5.97 × 10²⁴ kg, Mass 2 = 7.35 × 10²² kg, Distance between centres = 3.84 × 10⁸ m, force = 1.986 × 10²⁰ N.
Can I solve for a different value?
Yes. In the calculator above, pick the circle next to any value (force, mass 1, mass 2, distance between centres) and fill in the others: it rearranges the formula for you.
